| Histogram | Basic Stats | Pixel value binning, 1D distribution | Overall exposure distribution, dynamic range check |
| Quantiles (p50/p90/p99) | Basic Stats | Percentiles of CDF | Locating median color casts (e.g., rg_mid p50) |
| Mean/Median | Basic Stats | Weighted average or p50 | Overall exposure level baseline |
| Standard Deviation | Basic Stats | Sqrt of variance | Contrast quantification (film usually lower than digital) |
| Skewness | Basic Stats | 3rd central moment | Asymmetry, negative skew = more highlight detail (film trait) |
| Kurtosis | Basic Stats | 4th central moment | Tail thickness, high kurtosis = clipped blacks/whites |
| Entropy | Basic Stats | -Σp(x)log p(x) | Information density, grain increases local entropy |
| Clipped Pixel Ratio | Basic Stats | Ratio of extreme values | Proportion of dead blacks and blown highlights |
| Dynamic Range | Basic Stats | p99/p1 or p995/p005 | Effective latitude quantification |
| RgMid/BgMid | Color Science | R/G, B/G ratio at mid-gray | White balance baseline, deviation from 1.0 = cast |
| Lab Space Stats | Color Science | Lab* channel mean/var | L* lightness latitude, a*/b* shows cast direction |
| CCT & Tint | Color Science | Inverted gray point estimation | White balance calibration verification |
| Saturation Dist | Color Science | HSV S-channel skewness | Asymmetric saturation distribution of film |
| Delta E 2000 | Color Science | CIEDE2000 formula | Difference between simulation and target scan |
| PSD (Power Spectral Density) | Frequency/Texture | Radial avg of FFT | Grain frequency distribution (1/f^β noise) |
| MTF | Frequency/Texture | Contrast vs Spatial Frequency | Sharpness quantification, edge retention |
| Laplacian Variance | Frequency/Texture | 2nd derivative stats | Fast sharpness estimation |
| LBP (Local Binary Patterns) | Frequency/Texture | Local texture coding | Grain structure difference quantification |
| SSIM/MS-SSIM | Perceptual/Struct | Structural Similarity | Structure fidelity (Sim vs Ref) |
| LPIPS | Perceptual/Struct | VGG feature distance | Perceptual distance, better than L2 |
| CID (Contrast Index) | Perceptual/Struct | CIE-based contrast index | Contrast difference quantification |
| Dye Density Curve | Film Specific | Density vs log Exposure | H&D curve fitting (R²/RMSE) |
| Mask Density | Film Specific | Orange mask a*/b* offset | Negative-to-positive mask correction verification |
| Reciprocity Curve | Film Specific | Time-Density non-linearity | Short/Long exposure simulation accuracy |
| Grain Autocorrelation | Film Specific | Spatial correlation of noise | Film grain is not pure random noise |
| HSV Histogram | Color Space | 1D/Multi-D binning | Hue shifts, saturation asymmetry |
| Lab Histogram | Color Space | Lab* channel stats | Lightness latitude, color cast direction |
| YCbCr Histogram | Color Space | Luma/Chroma separation | Chroma range check (film gamut is often narrower) |
| RGB Joint Hist (3D) | Color Space | R×G×B cube binning | Color mapping linearity, neutral axis shift |
| 2D Joint Hist | Spatial Relation | Joint prob (e.g., R-G) | Channel correlation, neutral axis diagonal check |
| GLCM | Spatial Relation | Co-occurrence probability | Grain texture quantification, uniformity |
| Tile Histogram | Spatial Relation | Block-wise stats | Vignetting, uneven development detection |
| Power Spectrum Hist | Frequency | 2D FFT radial binning | Energy vs Frequency, grain feature extraction |
| Wavelet Hist | Frequency | Multi-scale coeff stats | Multi-layer grain structure capture |
| Gradient Hist | Gradient/Edge | Edge direction stats | Silver halide crystal anisotropy detection |
| Laplacian Hist | Gradient/Edge | 2nd derivative stats | Sharpness/Softness measurement |
| Ratio Hist (R/G) | Ratio/Log Space | Channel ratio binning | Illumination-robust cast detection |
| Log Exposure Hist | Ratio/Log Space | Log-space binning | Direct fitting of H&D curve toe/shoulder |